Cerebrum - largest part of the brain
- divided from the cerebellum by the transverse fissure
Gyri - ridges Lobes - large section Sulci - grooves
Four Types of Lobes:
- Frontal lobe - anterior lobes, separated through' other by central sulci
- responsible for motor activities, conscious thought and speech
- Parietal lobe - posterior to the parietal lobe
- body sense perception, taste and speech
- Occipital lobe - posterior to the parietal lobe
- vision
- Temporal lobe - most inferior
- hearing and integration of emotions
Insula - often listed as the 5th lobe, and helps coordinate autonomic functions
Cerebellum - known as the little brain, sensory and motor coordination and balance
Brain stem - stalk-like structure
Three section of the brain stem:
- Medulla Oblongata - continous with the spinal cord
- control heartbeat, breathing and the cardiovascular system
- Pons - connects the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with the upper portion of the brain
- Mid Brain - most superior portion
Cortex - layer of gray matter surrounding the white matter
Ventricles - fluid - filled cavities
Precentral gyrus - anterior at the central sulcus
Postcentral gyrus - posterior to the central sulcus
Corpus callosum - white matter surrounding the lateral ventricles
Diencephalon - a section of the brain that is not visible from the extension
Four types of Diencephalon :
- Thalamus - relays and process information going to the cerebrum
- Hypothalamus - regulates hormone levels, temperature, water-balance, thirst, appetite and some emotions, it also regulates the pituitary gland and controls the endocrine system
- Pineal body - responsible for secreting melatonin
- Pituitary gland - secretes hormones for various functions
